Cruising Europe - what to do??

In less than a week I'll be going on a Mediterranean cruise which will stop in Barcelona, Naples, Rome, Florence, Provence and Majorca.

Where do you recommend to shop, eat and visit?

Time will be tight - the cruise ship will stop for only Protected content in each city.

I'd really appreciate any advice you have on how to get to these places and what to pack as well.

Looking forward to hearing your suggestions!