European Thinkers/ European Thought

There is such a lot of management literature / behavioural psychology / self- help stuff coming out of the states. Now my question is Who are the European Thinkers? Do we have them?
It seems the European philosophers went under ground after the second world war.

I would like to get your proposal who I should pick from your country for deeper exploration. My initial interest is in Europe but longer term I would also like to hear who the great thiinkers are in new emerging market countries.