A Guide to Visa Types and Work Permits in Portugal

Jump right in:

• Work Permits and Employment based Visas
• Family Visa
• Self Employment Visas
• Residency Permits Temporary and Permanent

Work permits and employment based visas

Obtaining a work permit and employment visa is the first main step of your relocation to Portugal. If you are a national of the EU/EEA or Switzerland, you will not need a visa to enter the country — you simply need your national identity card. Citizens from third countries may need to apply for a visa to enter Portugal, depending on their nationality and the purpose of their stay. While short stays can be visa-free for many non-EU nationals, obtaining a long-term visa or work permit involves a specific application process.

In this section, we focus on work and employment-based visas, so read on to learn about the requirements and application process.

Portuguese work visas and requirements

The exact way of applying for a visa depends on your nationality and the purpose of your stay. Typically, you will need to apply for a visa to obtain an authorization of residence, visto para obtenção de autorização de residência. This visa is valid for four months. Within that timeframe, you should enter the country (you are allowed two entries) and apply for a residence permit with AIMA, the Portuguese Immigration and Asylum Agency.

Types of visas

Here are the different types of work visas you can request for moving to Portugal:

• residence visa for employees (including sports activities) • residence visa for independent work • residence visa for independent work or for entrepreneurs under the Startup Visa program • residence visa for highly skilled workers, teachers, or artistic performers

To apply for a visa, you must go to a Portuguese diplomatic mission or consular post abroad. Know where to apply for a visa based on your nationality or current place of residence. For some categories, you can apply through the new online portal dedicated to residence permits for CPLP nationals, where you will be guided through submitting documents and updating personal data.

You will need to meet the following requirements:

• have not been convicted of a crime • have not been prohibited to enter Portuguese territory • have no indication of non-admission in the Schengen information system • have no indication of non-admission in Portugal's immigration system • be absent of any requirement that might disqualify you for a visa

You will need to present the following documents:

• Portuguese visa application form (available in both Portuguese and English) • passport valid for at least three months longer than the duration of your stay • two passport-sized photos • valid travel insurance • proof of your legal stay if applying from a country other than your country of origin • proof of having sufficient means to support yourself during your stay, or a term of responsibility signed by a Portuguese citizen or resident

For employment visas, you will also need:

• a signed work contract (or promise of work), or a manifestation of interest by an employer • a declaration by the Instituto de Emprego e Formação Profissional (IEFP), the Portuguese Employment and Professional Training Institute • proof of your qualifications for the job

Portuguese bureaucracy

Bureaucratic processes carried out in Portugal are known to be slow and sometimes incongruent. Often, this is the most frustrating aspect of immigrating to Portugal.

For example, you may be asked to show a plane ticket or a flight itinerary from a travel agency when applying for your visa, which is often not included in the list of requirements. This is so the embassy knows the exact period for which to issue your visa. To be safe, it is best to ask about all the requirements that apply to you, by emailing or calling the Portuguese embassy and diplomatic mission of your place of residence beforehand.

How much do Portuguese work visas cost?

Submitting a request for a long-term work visa costs 90.60 EUR (approx. 105.00 USD). The issuance of the residence permit for this type of visa costs 97.60 EUR (approx. 115 USD). If you wish to apply for an EU Blue Card, the administrative analysis fee is 124.10 EUR (approx. 145 USD), and the issuance of the residence permit costs 117.80 EUR (approx. 140 USD).

You may have to pay 0.72 to 3.98 EUR (approx. 1–5 USD) for photocopies of certificates or other documents, depending on format and color.

Business visas for Portugal

If you need a shorter visa for business, you can request a business visa for the following purposes: seasonal work, independent work, highly qualified activities (such as researching, lecturing, etc.), employee transfers between headquarters or offices (must have been working for the company for at least one year). To apply for this visa, you must go to the consular post and apply with the documents mentioned above.

Family visas

A foreign citizen who holds a valid residence permit in Portugal has the right to family reunification. This includes spouses or partners under common-law marriage, minor or disabled children under the couple’s or spouse’s care, minor adoptive children, children of age who are single and studying at a Portuguese educational institution, minor siblings, and parents who are under the resident’s or spouse’s care.

The visa process for family reunification starts with the resident submitting a request to AIMA, which must be approved before family members apply for their visa. Family members who accompany the resident from their country of origin can apply directly for a residence visa for family reunification.

Required documents to submit

You will need:

• proof that you have the right to family reunification (e.g. a residence permit in Portugal or an EU blue card) • proof of legal residence in the country where you are applying, if you are not a citizen of that country. • proof of family ties (e.g. marriage certificate, birth or adoption certificate, etc.) • the family members’ or spouse’s IDs and copies • two passport-sized photographs, up to date and in good condition • the resident’s ID or passport • proof of accommodation • proof of sufficient financial means to support the family • criminal record certificate for the family member from the country of origin or of residence for more than one year, with Apostille or legalization • authorization for AIMA to access the family member’s criminal record in Portugal, if applicable

All foreign-language documents must be officially translated into Portuguese. This can be done at a Portuguese notary, your country's consulate in Portugal, or a Portuguese consulate abroad.

Once the request for family reunification has been approved by AIMA, the family members may apply for a residence visa at a Portuguese consular post.

Self-employment visas

If you are looking to get a self-employment visa in Portugal, this section covers the requirements, application form, and processes you need to know about.

There are two options for self-employment visas in Portugal: the temporary stay visa for independent activity (valid for less than one year) and the residence visa for independent workers or entrepreneurs, including the Startup Visa.

Applying as an independent worker

If you apply for a self-employment visa as an independent worker, you’ll need these additional documents:

• proof of owning a business entity (e.g., a limited liability company, sole trader), a signed service provision contract, or a written proposal of contract • a declaration by the competent authority confirming your qualification to exercise your profession, if applicable to regulated sectors

Applying as an entrepreneur

If instead you apply for a self-employment visa as an entrepreneur, you’ll need to meet at least one of these additional requirements:

• proof that you have made investments • proof that you have sufficient financial means in Portugal and intend to make investments in the country • a declaration by the IAPMEI that your business is in an incubator if you apply for a startup visa

What kind of investment is required?

You can request this visa if you have made one of these types of investments, each following its own requirements:

• transfer of capital equal or superior to 1.5 million EUR (approx. 1.7 million USD) • creation of at least ten job positions • investments in research activities, arts, or venture capital funds, as defined by current legislation

Keep in mind that all documents written in a foreign language must be accompanied by a notarized translation in Portuguese.

How much does a self-employment visa cost?

If you’re applying for a residence visa as an independent worker, the fees vary depending on the type of visa and are not always the same as regular visas. The request for a long-term visa costs 90 EUR (105 USD), plus the issuance of the residence permit, which is 127.20 EUR (approx. 150 USD).

There is no single fixed fee for a self-employment visa. Instead, different fees apply depending on the stage of the process. The major cost comes when requesting a residence permit once the visa is approved. The cost of a residence permit for an investment visa is 8,060.20 EUR (approx. 9,450 USD).

Temporary residence permits

Application for a temporary residence permit

European citizens do not need a residence permit to live in Portugal. They can also stay in Portugal for three months without needing to register. However, after those three months, EU citizens should register with the city hall (câmara municipal) of their place of residence, and obtain a Registration Certificate (Certificado de Registo), which is mainly for monitoring population levels. Non-EU citizens will need a residence permit to legally live in the country. Once their visa has been approved, they can enter Portugal and request their residence permit within four months.

As a foreign resident, you will be given a residence card, the título de residência. This card is the equivalent of your ID in Portugal and should be carried on you at all times. Your residence permit is valid for one year. You can renew it for two years, and two more after that, for a total of five years of residence. After those five years of living in Portugal, you can apply for permanent residence.

Temporary residence permits: Requirements and fees

The application for a residence permit is done in person in one of AIMA’s directorates or regional delegations, with the following documents:

• passport or any other valid travel document • two recent identical photographs in color with blank background (only for appointments in Odivelas, Aveiro, or Braga) • valid residence visa • evidence of sufficient means of subsistence • evidence of having adequate accommodation • permission for AIMA to check your criminal record in Portugal • supporting document with the necessary information for registration with the tax authority, Autoridade Tributária e Aduaneira • proof of enrollment or regular payments to social security

The fee for temporary residence permits for the purpose of employment is 97.5 EUR (approx. 115 USD). Renewals cost 45 EUR (approx. 55 USD).

Self-employment temporary residence permits

If you are applying for a self-employment temporary residence permit, you should show:

• evidence of having founded a company or business entity according to the law • service contract with a company as a liberal professional • proof of registration with social security or regular payments, even if within the initial exemption period • if needed, a written statement issued by the respective professional association proving you meet the conditions to become a member, or a declaration confirming you hold the necessary qualifications

If you are granted this kind of permit, you can still take up work with a third party, provided you apply for a permit for employed workers later on.

Registering with the local authorities

Once you have obtained your título de residencia, you will need to register with the junta de freguesia (the neighborhood or parish) where you will be living. This serves as proof that you are living in Portugal, as sometimes showing a rental contract is not considered sufficient proof. For this, you’ll need to go to the junta de freguesia with your valid ID and a proof of address. This could be your rental contract/lease or your NIF with your Portuguese address.

Witnesses: More Portuguese bureaucracy

Here is the tricky part: you need two people (must be Portuguese nationals) to serve as witnesses that you live in your freguesia, and they must live in that freguesia as well. You will need them to come with you and sign the form (which can be a hassle, considering the offices are only open during regular working hours).

Alternatively, you can take the form with you, have your witnesses sign the paper, and bring back their signature. However, you will need a copy of both witnesses’ IDs to present with the form.

Residence permits for family reunification visas

If you wish for your family, spouse, or fiancé to join you in the country, they also need to obtain a residence permit once their visa has been approved. To do so, the holder of the right to family reunification must schedule an appointment with AIMA via the electronic platform. Once at AIMA, the resident must present the following documents:

• two recent identical photographs in color with blank background (only for appointments in Odivelas, Aveiro, or Braga) • proof that you are entitled to family reunification • authenticated supporting documents proving family ties • authenticated copies of the identification documents of the family members • evidence that the applicant has adequate accommodation • proof of financial means to support the applicant and the family • extract from the judicial record in the country of origin of the family member • proof of economic dependence of any first-degree relative under the age of 65 • full birth certificate, proof of economic dependence, and proof of enrollment in a Portuguese teaching establishment, in case of children who are of age, single, and dependent • certificate of incapacity of children of age, a certified copy of adoption decision, a certified copy of the custody decision of minor siblings, a copy of court decision giving legal guardianship to the resident or spouse of any minor children or incapable person, when applicable • circumstantial evidence of unmarried partnership

All documents written in a foreign language must be accompanied by a notarized translation in Portuguese.

Permanent residence permits

Permanent residence in Portugal can be obtained after legally living in the country for five years. To do so, you must have applied for and renewed your temporary residence permits.

Portuguese permanent residence application

To apply for permanent residence in Portugal, you need an appointment with AIMA. For this appointment, you should bring:

• a signed standard application form • two recent identical photographs in color with a blank background (only for appointments in Odivelas, Aveiro, or Braga) • passport or any other valid travel document • evidence of sufficient means of subsistence • evidence of having adequate accommodation • permission for AIMA to check your criminal record • valid temporary residence permit • evidence of a basic command of the Portuguese language o certificate issued by a Portuguese official or officially recognized teaching establishment o successful completion of studies issued by a teaching establishment o successful completion of elementary Portuguese studies issued by the Institute for Employment and Professional Training (IEFP) or by any other official or officially recognized teaching establishment o certificate of knowledge of basic Portuguese such as Teaching Portuguese as a Foreign Language (CAPLE), recognized by the Ministry of Education and Science

Permanent residence fees in Portugal

Your permanent residence permit will cost 257.70 EUR (approx. 300 USD). You will still need to renew the physical card every ten years, which costs 40 EUR (approx. 45USD).

What are the benefits of being a permanent resident in Portugal?

Foreign citizens who hold permanent residence in Portugal have the right to equal treatment to nationals when it comes to social security, fiscal benefits, participation in unions, recognition of diplomas, certificates and other professional qualifications, as well as the right of access to goods and services available to the public and the application of provisions granting them special rights.

This includes matters related to:

• family reunification • education and study • undertaking remunerated employment • pursuing activities as a self-employed professional • professional guidance, training, improvement, and redeveloping • healthcare • access to the law and justice